Humanitarianism and its Alternative Models in Migration Crises: the Case of Poland

The research objective of this paper is to verify the hypothesis that migration and asylum policies EU Member States have led formation alternative humanitarian models. examples used for purposes study were aid practices during crises in Poland 2021–2022. As part verification, literature on humanitarianism was reviewed, including its various forms context contemporary crises. Then, using categories experimental, subversive, everyday, selective humanitarianism, relief activities civil society analyzed.